Source Description: The beamline utilizes a Planar Halbach-type Undulator manufactured by Danfysik. This insertion device features a pure permanent magnet (PPM) structure arranged in a planar Halbach configuration. By forcing the electron beam into a periodic sinusoidal trajectory, it generates high-intensity, nonpolarized synchrotron radiation. The photon energy is fully tunable by mechanically varying the undulator gap, providing a continuous spectrum of high-flux photons optimized for the soft X-ray and VUV regions.

The Monochromator: The beamline employs a Varied Line Spacing Plane Grating (VLSPG) Monochromator manufactured by TOYAMA. This system features a set of three interchangeable Laminar Holographic Gratings on a single-crystal silicon substrate that can select a photon energy in the range 40-1040 eV. The beam passes through the entrance slit (S1) into VLSPG, producing a monochromatic beam that exits through the exit slit (S2). The entrance and exit slit can adjust a width in the range 0.05 to 0.5 mm, which has a direct effect on the beam spot size on the sample. The use of Laminar (rectangular) groove profiles effectively suppresses higher-order harmonic contamination, providing exceptional spectral purity for quantitative spectroscopy.